Playing With Fire #1

Playing With Fire #1

There is a myth that repetitive movement creates repetitive strain injuries. That is false.  Improper movement creates strain, fatigue and injury. Over the course of a year I am going to address issues of movement and how it can lead to injury, especially as it pertains to pianists. 

With all five fingers together, wave "bye bye."  Now abduct your fingers (spread them out) and wave "bye bye." Feel the strain? At the very least, you should feel that your fingers don't move as effortlessly as they did when they were moving together in one direction at a time.  This is where computer users, pianists or anyone who uses their hands can go wrong.

When you wave with your fingers together, you are alternating between the flexors and extensors, the muscles in your forearm (your fingers have no muscle) that flex and extend them. Your flexors are designed to move your fingers in one direction and your extensors are designed to move them in the opposite direction.  You can not flex and extend at the same time because you can only move your finger bones in one direction. For instance, you can only steer your car left or right, not in both directions at the same time. 

However, when you use your abductors at the same time you use your flexors, you are pulling the bone in two directions at the same time and that creates a tug of war or strain to the muscles and more directly to the tendons. You are attempting to move them down but left and right, too.

Most people who experience strain, fatigue, cramps or pain are creating this force vector which can build up scar tissue over time resulting in inflammation to the tendons. 

Optical Illusions

Are you looking for a fun activity to do outdoors with your kids or youth group?  All you need is a camera, an eye for location and a subject (with a solid core) who can hold a pose.  Very little photo editing is required.

First, take a hike.  Check with local hiking groups and online websites to find hikes that are appropriate for your age children then take them to the summit.  Bring lots of water and snacks.  Don't forget the water and bring plenty of water.  Did I mention not to skimp on the water? Bring more water than Brett Kavanaugh drinks beer.  I like beer.

Whatever mountain you choose, if you are not an experienced hiker, read trail reports to figure out how long a round trip will take.  Plan accordingly.  Bring flashlights (along with water) in case you miscalculate.  Chances are you live near an area with short one or two hour hikes.  You can also do a Google Image search of your chosen peak so you can see pictures of the summit that other hikers have taken and plan your photo layout in advance.

Then, look for a ledge, large flat slabs of granite or a large rock (erratic) that they can lay on.  What is important is for the camera to get either high or low enough to catch the subject but with either only sky or rock in the background.  If you catch any trees in the background you will have to do some editing for everything in the background will belie the optical illusion. This is why you may have to hike to the summit of the mountain and look for layered ledges or a large erratic.  If you try this on a slab of granite, make sure there are no shadows from trees or people which will give away the illusion.

Once you find your location, safety always comes first.  Do you know what the leading cause of death is while hiking?  The selfie.

Find a crack or bulge in your rock and have your subject lie down on their side below it with their bottom arm stretched up to the crack or bulge (a more realistic picture will have their arm at a right angle).  They must lie in a straight line.  Their upper arm should be relaxed but held up in the air pointing toward their feet.  Their head can be angled downward and their eyes can look all the way down toward their feet.  This is the "acting" part to give the illusion of awe of the height.  Too much acting will look fake.  Anyone brave enough to climb a cliff won't have the look of fear on their face.  Likewise, a real climber would not hang by his fingertips and smile for a camera. Real climbing is serious business and poses often look fake or at least, not dangerous. This should look like a candid pic snapped in the midst of action.

Now the hard part.  The subject needs to raise both feet and legs off the ground.  At least the upper leg.  Point the toes downward, this is very important.  Likewise, the arm should have the relaxed grace of a ballerina.  After the picture is taken, load it into a photo editor and simply rotate it once in the proper direction then save it. 

Another tip to ensure that the photo looks as real as possible, the subject shouldn't wear loose clothing, loose long hair and, their shoelaces should be tucked in.  Gravity will grab anything it can to make your photo look fake.

Halloween Organ Concert Ideas

I am often asked for repertoire ideas for Halloween Organ Recitals.  It is not that difficult.  Take any melody in a minor key, play it with a four foot flute in your right hand, maybe with a mutation, and with your left hand, do a slow palm glissando on both black and white keys with strings or softer flutes. Here are several songs I have played in the past:

Postlude Sollenele
https://youtu.be/aI2C6HZ2Khs
http://youtu.be/zDB6DmhE2LM

Night on Bald Mountain
(gasp, I can't find my vid)

Toccata and Fugue in D minor
http://youtu.be/TkjF2Vtzwjs

Chopin Prelude
http://youtu.be/WQlLgkAIkiI

Moonlight Sonata
http://youtu.be/dGxp_VYoMt8

Chopin Mazurka
http://youtu.be/lRIB7smyod8

Little Prelude and Fugue in G minor
https://youtu.be/r63p3WpF2UU

Addams Family
http://youtu.be/218Mw7kWI_g

The Munsters
(gasp, I can't find my vid)

London Bridge (because there are human sacrifices in each pillar - orphans)
https://youtu.be/8boxn3xvspw

Itsy Bitsy Spider
https://youtu.be/dbmLEB-3Bgg

Hall Of The Mountain King
http://youtu.be/hPYvKmGpY7c

Boellemann Toccata
https://youtu.be/qBhTWO4uhfg

The Lost Chord
https://youtu.be/L8u1BiruUaA

Flight of the Bumblebee
https://youtu.be/rzw1j0fEXoQ

March of the Marrionettes
http://youtu.be/2NgT1QMBIyo

Couperin Fugue
http://youtu.be/CKn73dPoCns

O Fortuna/Phantom of the Opera
https://youtu.be/yoV-CLYg10E

Variations on a Recitative Schoenberg
(gasp, I can't find my vid)

Ring Around the Rosie (about the plague)
https://youtu.be/Q4rgPlnQQgE

Organ Concert; Flight of the Bumblebee

Free organ concert with Malcolm Kogut at Foothills Methodist in Gloversville.  June 3 at three. Free.  Here is a sample (Flight of the Bumblebee):

Point Of Sound

One of the causes for strain, stress, injury and other maladies pianists, organists and typists experience is simply that they press too hard into the keybed of their device or instrument. Let's first take a look at sports and then physics (that HS subject you think you don't use in real life). 

As a baseball player stands at home plate and the ball is hurtling toward him, he back-swings, forward swings, hits the ball, then all the energy left over from the swing dissipates into the follow through.  The same action occurs when an athlete swings a tennis racquet, kicks a ball, swings a golf club, punches someone, throws a ball, etcetera.  That is Newton's third law of physics that every action has an equal and opposite action.  In order to forward swing, one must first back swing.  Even when we walk forward, as one leg is extending up and forward, the other leg is pushing backward.  So according to the laws of physics, in order to type or play the piano down, one must first lift up.  Many of us were trained or taught to play or type from a resting and relaxed position which actually creates tension because holding a position requires effort.  So we know that everything requires an opposite motion and a follow through.  I bet all you smart kids out there know exactly where I'm going with this.

Now imagine that our baseball, tennis, soccer, golf, football players or boxers are standing before a concrete wall and they backswing then forward swing but instead of hitting an object and following through, they strike the immovable wall.  All the energy of the swing, instead of following through and dissipating, ricochets back into the athlete.  That can hurt. 

A piano is much the same.  Many pianists press into the keybed of a piano and not only does that fail to produce any more of a tone but, all the energy of pressing down is being transferred back up into their finger joints and tendons.  We often don't notice this until after an hour or so of practice or the next morning when we wake up with stiff fingers.  We are taught by bad teachers "no pain, no gain."  In this case, it is very much a lie.  No pain, no gain is fine when building muscle but not for bones, joints, tendons, ligaments and certainly not for our technique.  Often poor technique, strain or missed notes are a result of what we are not doing rather than what we are doing and often we are using the wrong muscles.

Sit at any acoustic piano and very slowly, depress a key so you don't play a sound.  At some point you will hit a little bump in the action, then press through it and you will hit the keybed.  That little bump is the point of sound once you actually play. 

As a pianist drops the controlled weight of their arm onto a key, they must use Newton's third law.  As they hit the point of sound, much like an athlete striking a ball, they must then follow through without hitting the keybed.  When they press into the keybed, not only is their energy backfiring but, they are pressing down and according to Newton, we can't set up for the up motion if we are pressing down.  This hinders technique.  You can't play down if you don't play up and you can't play up if you are pressing down.

So, the key and cure to playing without tension or pain is learning to play to the point of sound and simply following through and not pressing into the keybed.  Unbeknownst to most teachers, their students press into the keybed.  It is a motion that is often invisible.  When a student experiences problems with technique or pain, the teacher often says practice more or run exercises to build strength and endurance and the teacher is often oblivious that the way the student practices is what needs to be addressed, not a clock.

Danger Will Robinson. Before anyone tries to learn to play to the point of sound, there are other components of technique which must first be in place.  This includes controlling arm weight, controlling up/down, controlling in/out from the shoulder and elbow, using the fulcrum of the elbow, controlling rotation of the forearm through the use of the pronator and supinator muscles.  Likewise, there are movements to avoid such as abduction, curling the thumb under the palm, isolating a finger, equalizing fingers, radial and ulnar deviation, and trying to play too relaxed, still and quiet.

A virtuoso technique looks like it is effortless and relaxed.  That is true, the fingers are relaxed because the arm does all the work.  Observers are often looking at the pianist's hands and fail to notice the elbow and arm is actually doing most of the work.  Pianists who attempt to play from the fingers and have fatigue, are told to relax so, they relax the same muscles they are continuing to use and they achieve nothing.

Once all of the proper motions are achieved and the improper ones eradicated, point of sound will just happen. Some "techniques" such as the Russian Technique, surreptitiously imbue the pianist with these movements but personally, I would rather learn the physics and ergonomics of movement rather than being tricked through mindless imitation.  Although, it works to some degree. Where it fails is when a pianist encounters a passage they can't execute and if they knew the mechanics of the arm, would be able to figure out what sort of adjustment is required to play that passage.

I once studied with a leading concert pianist in my area who didn't know what he was doing but had a phenomenal natural technique.  His instruction to me was to watch him play then imitate his motion.  That would have been fine but I already had bad habits hardwired into my brain which were getting in the way.  Since he didn't know anything about ergonomics nor physics, he had no idea how to fix me other than prescribing "practice more."

I once gave a lecture on this topic and a pianist disagreed with me about Newtons third law citing that the piano is down, not up.  The finger must come straight down onto a key.  If the pianist is playing with a "still and quiet hand" and they must also play black keys,   note that the black keys are higher than the white keys.  This results in the still and quiet pianist to stretch or twist to reach those keys which in turn create vector forces or, two muscles pulling one bone in two directions simultaneously.  This creates tremendous imbalance in the arm which controls the hand and fingers and this leads to an incoordinate technique.  Keep in mind your fingers have no muscles.  They are moved by the flexor muscles in your forearm so that is where the pianist must first play from. 

If you were to walk up stairs, your ascending leg would lift HIGHER than the next stair, then come straight down onto it.  If you tried to walk upstairs without lifting your foot higher than the step, you'd trip.  Playing the piano is the same.  We must use the larger muscles of the arm to get the fingers higher than the notes we are desirous to play.  Of course as we become more efficient, we minimize the height but make no mistake, although it may appear invisible, it is still there. Hanon knew this and prescribed the pianist to isolate one finger and lift it high but, this isolation engages the flexors and extensors at the same time resulting in strain to the long flexor tendons which leads to median nerve entrapment (AKA carpal tunnel syndrome). Remember the arm, hand and fingers can only move in one direction at a time.  By abducting, for instance, the hand gets pulled in two or four directions despite the pianist trying to play a passage in a specific direction.

I have no conclusion to this post other than don't try this at home.  Find a teacher who knows what a pronator and abductor is and work from there.

Musicians Warming Up

Every once in a while I come across a piano teacher or musician who think that they need to stretch their hands or run scales to "warm up." The myth behind warming up is that you are able to isolate a body part such as the hands and move them to warm them up.  If that were true, the blood that you think you warm up in your hands while moving them, because of circulation, doesn't stay there.  It circulates throughout the rest of the body meaning "cold" blood is coming back into the hands.  Furthermore, you are not warming up the blood or muscles, the blood is already at its maximum temperature.  The real issue is circulation.

A danger in moving cold hands or other body parts is that the elasticity of the muscles and tendons are compromised because they are in a contracted state and if you try to move cold body parts fast, you can cause damage to the tissue such as micro tears and pulls to either the muscles or the tendons.  Slow movement and in the medium range of motion is always advised when the extremities are cold.

When the body is cold, the blood is kept near the core vital organs and circulation is slowed to the extremities such as the hands and feet. That makes our hands and fingers feel cold and stiff.  Stretching is not a solution and our teachers and coaches have been teaching this mistruth about stretching for years.

When you stretch beyond the mid range of motion you are creating micro tears in the muscle tissue or tendons and the body's response is to rush blood to that site to both immobilize and repair the damage.  This process gives us the sensation of "warming up" when in reality we are damaging our tissue structures. Whenever we move, we must only move as far as the mid range of motion, not the extreme where we will stretch, tear and damage tissue.

There are actually two categories of muscle, fast twitch and slow twitch.  Musicians should take the time to learn which ones are which and how to utilize them in their craft.  Even so, forcing fast twitch muscles to move fast or to stretch them when they are cold and in their contracted state could damage them.  Think of your muscles as being like warm gravy.  The gravy can easily pour out of the bowl when it is warm.  Now put the bowl in the fridge for half an hour and note that it no longer pours fluidly.  You can't just run a spoon through the gravy to warm it up, it needs to come out of the fridge and be warmed totally.
  
If you have a teacher or coach who prescribes stretching and isolation exercises to warm up the body, find another teacher.  It is not their fault that they have been given erroneous information themselves from their own teachers, but, their ignorance on the subject can cause you permanent damage.  Ignorance is not bliss if it results in tendon, nerve or muscular disorders.  That is like going to a mechanic who says that your tires are bald but you can probably get away on them for another few months. He may be the best mechanic in the world but he is risking your life.

If one wishes to truly warm up the body and consequently the hands, one needs to sit in a warm room so that the whole body warms up, not just the part they are going to use.  Another solution is to do some mild whole body movement to get the blood pumping throughout the circulatory system.

There are mini steppers on the market for under $50 that a musician can take to a gig with them and use in the green room before a performance. After doing twenty minutes or about 2,000 steps on one of those, the blood will be circulating efficiently throughout the whole body and one may even break a small sweat.  You won't have to warm up your legs because you've already been walking all day and, movement that is well known such as walking is as simple as the brain turning on and off a switch.  One doesn't need to warm up to remember how to ride a bike.  The brain just knows what to do, like flicking a switch.

Conditioning is important, too.  If you can only do three minutes on the stair stepper before fatigue sets in then you're not going to achieve a full body warm up in that amount of time so, it would behoove you to do this every day so the body is conditioned to work at that level without fatigue.  One doesn't want to go on stage exhausted and weak.  It is also advised to be hydrated before, during and after this simple body warm up procedure.

I'll not endorse any particular brand but you can find mini steppers on Ebay, tax and shipping free. Read the user reviews on Amazon to find a brand you think you can trust.

stair stepper, warming up, pianist, musician, stretching, piano, malcolm kogut, tendonitis, hand, injury,

Rivers Casino Schenectady, Opening Day

I attended the opening day and got in line one hour before the opening (12:00) and stayed until about 8:00 p.m.  There were many pluses and minuses but overall it was a good experience.  Here are my plus and minus:  It is in Schenectady, ten minutes from my house.  Otherwise I'd have to travel to Saratoga about 45 minutes away.  It was neat, clean and bright.  There were a couple dozen gas heaters outside (I helped pay for them) which I didn't think was necessary.  Even though they could afford it, there is no reason to squander natural resources.  They could have decorated the place with energy saving spotlights or something.  Be good neighbors and give the money to the local homeless shelter instead.

There didn't seem to be any festive ceremony anywhere where I was so I missed that.  C'mon, a cymbal crash or something.

The staff was plentiful, cheerful and eager to assist IF you approached them.  Nine hours there and only one staff member walk by and ask me how I was doing and if I was enjoying myself.  There were two staff members who were VERY rude and if I were the boss, they'd be fired on the spot. At another time I saw a kitchen staff type person walk through the floor carrying a platter of clean glasses to the bar.  They need to take a lesson from the Victorian mansion millionaires and build passageways for the staff so they are never seen and stuff just magically appears. 

When we first entered, the security guy pulled over a black man and asked him for his ID.  I thought "racial profiling." A few hours later I walked past that same entrance and they were doing it to two Arab looking men.  I went over and asked what was going on and they said they were just doing age checks.  WHAT?  I DON'T LOOK 21?

We went out to our car three times and each time we came back in, the guy clicked us on his counter.  So if you hear of a total for opening day, deduct 15 people (there were five of us). 

The place is smaller than the Saratoga Racino but has the additional attraction of about a hundred tables.  Real ones. They were always packed. Some of the table dealers were still trying to figure stuff out.  I saw one of them user their fingers at one point.  That cute.  They'll get it. The tables are a big plus.

Many of the slots are labeled as penny slots.  NOT SO.  Most of them have a minimum bet of forty cents.  Saratoga has real penny slots so you can dispense with that 19 cents you have left when you leave.  When you add lines and multiply the bet, one play could cost you ten bucks.  Penny slot my  . . . . Also, none of the machines take dollars.  Five is the minimum.  I arrived with all my stripper money.

In some casinos, when someone wins big, such as $700, $2,000 or $10,000 they congratulate that person over the loud speakers and a rumble echoes through the room.  Not here.  I think it is exciting to hear that someone is winning.

They need non-player seating.  Unless you are at the bar or on a machine, there is no place to sit waiting for your addicted sister to finish up losing her money.  I saw people sitting on the floor only to be told that they have to get up.  Keep in mind that three quarters of their clientele are elderly.  They often need to rest.  Quit nickel and diming.  Park benches would have been nice outdoors too where many elderly people were waiting for their rides or cabs.  Put a bench where all those useless heaters are.

There was a piano player in one of the lounges that no one was listening to.  My big complaint here was that he was playing a dull electric piano coming through muffled speakers.  Have some class and put in a real baby grand piano.  Make the top a bar.  This was unacceptable.  Some casinos have piano players in the entrance hallway where they are playing real pianos.  You can mike them.  The band in the other bar was excellent but too loud.  About 110 decibels on my phone app.  The ambient room was about 80 - 90 with spikes.  If you have sensitive hearing, bring plugs.  Once your hearing nerves are killed by loud noise, they're gone forever. Do you have ringing?  That is the sound of dead nerves.

NO BUFFET?  WHAT THE . . . . ? I met a friend there and he said that two burgers and a drink cost him THIRTY DOLLARS.  So we left for dinner and went to a local establishment which was empty.  When we came back, the police cordoned off that gawd-awful circle.  I'd fire that architect.  The police were not allowing anyone to go around the circle so you had to go straight and do a U-turn in the middle of the busy Eerie Blvd - which many people did.  The police are not that stupid, are they?  If anything they should have treated it like an intersection and just had four cops let people through one lane at line at a time.   After dodging U-turners and people cutting across four lanes, we entered the casino property to be sent to the garage.  We had a handicap pass and told the attendant that we wanted handicap parking and he said there was none.  We told him we were just there and there were many open spaces. After arguing, he let us through and we parked right in front of the door.  The parking people need to communicate.  They had the egress to many of the lot lanes chained off.  I don't know why because it forced people to back out while others were trying to get in . . . it was just a mess.  They need to work their parking kinks out.  I'm sure once the fad of a new casino goes away, the lot will be more controllable but please, put people first. Have someone monitoring the lots and radio in empty spaces if you have to.  You can afford to hire one guy simply by getting rid of those outdoor heaters.

Speaking of people, a lot of the younger gamblers there can be quite rude.  I waited behind a guy for about twenty minutes to get his machine when he was done losing.  When he got up a woman three machines down said "I HAVE DIBS ON THAT MACHINE."  I said "You're playing that machine."  She replied that she would be done in five minutes.  I just sat down and started playing. People also put coats and cell phones on seats to save them.  Also, spouses sit in seats while not playing but are watching the person next to them play.  We need those benches.

I walked past an actor type person who tapped me on the shoulder with a clipboard.  It was funny, ha ha, I noticed them.  BUT, the person I was with just had rotator cuff surgery. Had he been on the inside . . . LAWSUIT.  Look but don't touch.

I suspect construction was done hastily.  I found a loose screw, a loose baseboard and saw a dangling light fixture.  The bathrooms, BTW, at least the men's room, they were very nice, clean and spacious.  I loved the doors to the stalls.  Give that designer a raise. 

Most of our society doesn't really beleive in God.  That's okay, they will on their deathbeds.  I couldn't get over how many people, YOUNG people, go through superstitious rituals and routines before playing.  They kiss their fingers then touch the screen, they pile trinkets and statues on the machines, they rub down the screen, some even recite some banal mumbo jumbo.  BTW, their "gods" are not helping them out very much, they all lost anyway.  Maybe they should turn to the original one who will at least try to convince them instead of gambling, take the kids camping or to mini golf.

So, overall, it is a great casino that I have no doubt will iron out its kinks as its new smell wears off. I will definitely go back but may hit the Racino every once in a while for the real penny slots and buffet.   This is indeed a gem to Schenectady. 

I know some people think it is going to attract crime.  I know like, all those seventy and eighty year olds, they come with their crime, their drugs and their rapists . . . .